三部分实现负载均衡(1)

三个部分来说明实现负载均衡的具体步骤，当然这个实现过程是在LVS下的。我们要对linux系统有些了解，这方面的配置才比较容易掌握。

LVS大家应该都有所耳闻，它是一个很好实现负载均衡的平台。节约成本，又容易操作。是一款经济实用的虚拟软件，而且也飞上容易上手。那么，我们现在就来具体叙述一下实现负载均衡的代码，其中我们把具体的步骤分为三大部分，结构很清晰。

IP明细：

1.LVS-DR-Master 61.164.122.6

2.LVS-DR-BACKUP 61.164.122.7

3.LVS-DR-VIP 61.164.122.8

4.WEB1-Realserver 61.164.122.9

5.WEB2-Realserver 61.164.122.10

6.GateWay 61.164.122.1

安装LVS和Keepalvied软件包

1.下载相关软件包

1.#mkdir /usr/local/src/lvs

2.#cd /usr/local/src/lvs

3.#wget http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/kernel-2.6/ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

4.#wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz

2.安装LVS和Keepalived

1.#lsmod |grep ip_vs

2.#uname -r

3.2.6.18-53.el5PAE

4.#ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-53.el5PAE-i686//usr/src/linux

5.

6.#tar zxvf ipvsadm-1.24.tar.gz

7.#cd ipvsadm-1.24

8.#make &&make install

9.#find / -name ipvsadm# 查看ipvsadm的位置

10.

11.#tar zxvf keepalived-1.1.15.tar.gz

12.#cd keepalived-1.1.15

13.#./configure&& make &&make install

14.#find / -name keepalived# 查看keepalived位置

15.

16.#cp /usr/local/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/

17.#cp /usr/local/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/

18.#mkdir /etc/keepalived

19.#cp /usr/local/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/

20.#cp /usr/local/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/

21.#service keepalived start|stop#做成系统启动服务方便管理.

编辑推荐

负载均衡技术基础专题

当前，无论在企业网、园区网还是在广域网上，即使按照当时最优配置建设的网络，业务量的发展都超出了过去..

三个部分来说明实现负载均衡的具体步骤，当然这个实现过程是在LVS下的。我们要对linux系统有些了解，这方面的配置才比较容易掌握。

配置LVS实现负载均衡

1.LVS-DR，配置LVS脚本实现负载均衡

注: 此脚本在于演示方便大家理解lvs,在keepalived方案中不要启动此脚本，所以看后面有注掉，很多朋友对此有问题。关于LVS的 keepalvied的HA方案，完全由keepalived.conf 一个文件搞定，特此声明！

1.#vi /usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh

2.#!/bin/bash

3.# description: start LVS of DirectorServer

4.#Written by :NetSeek http://www.linuxtone.org

5.

6.GW=61.164.122.1

7.# website director vip.

8.SNS_VIP=61.164.122.8

9.SNS_RIP1=61.164.122.9

10.SNS_RIP2=61.164.122.10

11.

12../etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

13.

14.logger $0 called with $1

15.

16.case "$1" in

17.

18.start)

19.# set squid vip

20./sbin/ipvsadm --set 30 5 60

21./sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 $SNS_VIP broadcast $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP up

22./sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev eth0:0

23./sbin/ipvsadm -A -t $SNS_VIP:80 -s wrr -p 3

24./sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $SNS_VIP:80 -r $SNS_RIP1:80 -g -w 1

25./sbin/ipvsadm -a -t $SNS_VIP:80 -r $SNS_RIP2:80 -g -w 1

26.touch /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1

27.

28.;;

29.stop)

30./sbin/ipvsadm -C

31./sbin/ipvsadm -Z

32.ifconfig eth0:0 down

33.route del $SNS_VIP

34.rm -rf /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm >/dev/null 2>&1

35.echo "ipvsadm stoped"

36.;;

37.

38.status)

39.

40.if [ ! -e /var/lock/subsys/ipvsadm ];then

41.echo "ipvsadm stoped"

42.exit 1

43.else

44.echo "ipvsadm OK"

45.fi

46.;;

47.

48.*)

49.echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status}"

50.exit 1

51.esac

52.

53.exit 0

54.

2.配置Realserver脚本.

1.#vi /usr/local/sbin/realserver.sh

2.#!/bin/bash

3.# description: Config realserver lo and apply noarp

4.#Written by :NetSeek http://www.linuxtone.org

5.

6.SNS_VIP=61.164.122.8

7.

8../etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

9.

10.case "$1" in

11.start)

12.ifconfig lo:0 $SNS_VIP netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast $SNS_VIP

13./sbin/route add -host $SNS_VIP dev lo:0

14.echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

15.echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

16.echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

17.echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

18.sysctl -p >/dev/null 2>&1

19.echo "RealServer Start OK"

20.

21.;;

22.stop)

23.ifconfig lo:0 down

24.route del $SNS_VIP >/dev/null 2>&1

25.echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore

26.echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

27.echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore

28.echo "0" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce

29.echo "RealServer Stoped"

30.;;

31.*)

32.echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}"

33.exit 1

34.esac

35.

36.exit 0

或者采用secondary ip address方式配置

# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

1.net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore = 1

2.net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2

3.net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1

4.net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2

5.[code]

6.#sysctl –p

7.#ip addr add 61.164.122.8/32 dev lo

8.#ip add list 查看是否绑定

9.3.启动lvs-dr脚本和realserver启本，在DR上可以查看LVS当前状态:

10.#watch ipvsadm –ln

编辑推荐

负载均衡技术基础专题

当前，无论在企业网、园区网还是在广域网上，即使按照当时最优配置建设的网络，业务量的发展都超出了过去..

利用Keepalvied实现负载均衡和和高可用性

1.配置在主负载均衡服务器上配置keepalived.conf

#vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf

1.! Configuration File for keepalived

2.

3.global_defs {

4.notification_email {

5.cnseek@gmail.com

6.}

7.notification_email_from sns-lvs@gmail.com

8.smtp_server 127.0.0.1

9.# smtp_connect_timeout 30

10.router_id LVS_DEVEL

11.}

12.

13.# 20081013 written by :netseek

14.# VIP1

15.vrrp_instance VI_1 {

16.state MASTER#备份服务器上将MASTER改为BACKUP

17.interface eth0

18.virtual_router_id 51

19.priority 100# 备份服务上将100改为99

20.advert_int 1

21.authentication {

22.auth_type PASS

23.auth_pass 1111

24.}

25.virtual_ipaddress {

26.61.164.122.8

27.#(如果有多个VIP，继续换行填写.)

28.}

29.}

30.

31.virtual_server 61.164.122.8 80 {

32.delay_loop 6 #(每隔10秒查询realserver状态)

33.lb_algo wrr #(lvs 算法)

34.lb_kind DR #(Direct Route)

35.persistence_timeout 60#(同一IP的连接60秒内被分配到同一台realserver)

36.protocol TCP#(用TCP协议检查realserver状态)

37.

38.real_server 61.164.122.9 80 {

39.weight 3#(权重)

40.TCP_CHECK {

41.connect_timeout 10#(10秒无响应超时)

42.nb_get_retry 3

43.delay_before_retry 3

44.connect_port 80

45.}

46.}

47.real_server 61.164.122.10 80 {

48.weight 3

49.TCP_CHECK {

50.connect_timeout 10

51.nb_get_retry 3

52.delay_before_retry 3

53.connect_port 80

54.}

55.}

56.}

2.BACKUP服务器同上配置，先安装lvs再按装keepalived,仍后配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf，只需将红色标示的部分改一下即可.

3.停掉lvs_dr.sh演示脚本

vi /etc/rc.local

#/usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh将lvs-dr.sh这个脚本注释掉。

#/usr/local/sbin/lvs-dr.sh stop 停止lvs-dr脚本

#/etc/init.d/keepalived start启动keepalived 服务，keepalived就能利用keepalived.conf 配置文件，实现负载均衡和高可用.

整个LVS负均衡HA方案，由keepalived.conf一个文件即可搞定！

4.查看lvs服务是否正常

#watch ipvsadm –ln

1.IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)

2.Prot LocalAddressort Scheduler Flags

3.-> RemoteAddressort Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn

4.TCP61.164.122.8:80 wrr persistent 60

5.-> 61.164.122.10:80Route 3 00

6.-> 61.164.122.9:80Route 3 00

#tail –f /var/log/message监听日志，查看状态，测试LVS负载均衡及高可用性是否有效。

5．停Master服务器的keepalived服务，查看BAKCUP服务器是否能正常接管服务。