通过两个例子讲解PIVOT/UNPIVOT的用法

create table test(id int,name varchar(20),quarter int,profile int) 
insert into test values(1,"a",1,1000)
insert into test values(1,"a",2,2000)
insert into test values(1,"a",3,4000)
insert into test values(1,"a",4,5000)
insert into test values(2,"b",1,3000)
insert into test values(2,"b",2,3500)
insert into test values(2,"b",3,4200)
insert into test values(2,"b",4,5500)

select * from test
id name quarter profile
----------- -------------- ----------- -----------
1 a 1 1000
1 a 2 2000
1 a 3 4000
1 a 4 5000
2 b 1 3000
2 b 2 3500
2 b 3 4200
2 b 4 5500

(8 row(s) affected)

使用PIVOT将四个季度的利润转换成横向显示:

select id,name,
[1] as "一季度",
[2] as "二季度",
[3] as "三季度",
[4] as "四季度"
from
test
pivot
(
sum(profile)
for quarter in
([1],[2],[3],[4])
)
as pvt

id name 一季度 二季度 三季度 四季度
-------- --------- ----------- -------- ------- -------
1 a 1000 2000 4000 5000
2 b 3000 3500 4200 5500

(2 row(s) affected)

首先建立测试表，然后插入测试数据

drop table test

create table test(id int,name varchar(20), Q1 int, Q2 int, Q3 int, Q4 int)

insert into test values(1,"a",1000,2000,4000,5000)
insert into test values(2,"b",3000,3500,4200,5500)


select * from test

id name Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
-------- ------- --------- --------- -------- --------
1 a 1000 2000 4000 5000
2 b 3000 3500 4200 5500

(2 row(s) affected)

使用UNPIVOT，将同一行中四个季度的列数据转换成四行数据：

select id,name,quarter,profile
from
test
unpivot
(
profile
for quarter in
([Q1],[Q2],[Q3],[Q4])
) 
as unpvt

id name quarter profile
----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
1 a Q1 1000
1 a Q2 2000
1 a Q3 4000
1 a Q4 5000
2 b Q1 3000
2 b Q2 3500
2 b Q3 4200
2 b Q4 5500

(8 row(s) affected)