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至顶网网络频道博达交换机VLAN隔离配置[S3224]

博达交换机VLAN隔离配置[S3224]

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如果对方是其他厂家的设备,基本上也是支持这种情况,但命令就不尽相同了。

作者:论坛整理 来源:zdnet网络安全 2008年3月19日

关键字: VLAN VLAN划分 vlan技术 vlan配置 虚拟局域网

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  Switch_config#show run

  Building configuration...

  Current configuration:

  !

  service timestamps log date

  service timestamps debug date

  !

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/1 //端口1

  switchport mode trunk //设定成trunk模式,允许端口属于多个vlan

  switchport pvid 2 //数据入端口时加上vlan1的tag

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 1,24 //端口可以属于vlan1和24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 1,24 //数据出端口时去除tag1和tag24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/2 //端口2

  switchport mode trunk //设定成trunk模式

  switchport pvid 2 //数据入端口时加上vlan2的tag

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 2,24 //端口同时可属于vlan2和24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 2,24 //数据出端口时去除tag2和tag24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/3 //同上

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 3

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 3,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 3,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/4

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 4

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 4,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 4,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/5

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 5

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 5,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 5,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/6

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 6

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 6,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 6,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/7

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 7

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 7,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 7,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/8

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 8

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 8,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 8,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/9

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 9

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 9,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 9,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/10

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 10

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 10,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 10,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/11

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 11

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 11,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 11,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/12

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 12

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 12,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 12,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/13

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 13

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 13,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 13,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/14

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 14

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 14,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 14,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/15

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 15

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 15,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 15,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/16

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 16

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 16,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 16,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/17

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 17

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 17,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 17,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/18

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 18

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 18,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 18,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/19

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 19

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 19,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 19,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/20

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 20

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 20,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 20,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/21

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 21

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 21,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 21,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/22

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 22

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 22,24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 22,24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/23

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport pvid 23

  switchport trunk vlan-allowed 23-24

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged 23-24

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/24 //端口24,本例中作为上行口

  switchport mode trunk //设为trunk模式

  switchport pvid 24 //数据入端口时加上vlan24的tag

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged all //数据出端口时去除所有tag(tag1~tag24)

  ! //注意trunk口时默认属于所有tag的!

  vlan 1-24 //建立1~24个vlan,默认情况下只有vlan1,其他需要增加,且这个操作时第一步要做的!

  !

  !说明,本例子完成之后,interface f0/1~f/23分别属于不同的vlan,相互之间是不能互通的(不考虑使用三层路由转发的情况),但此时这23个端口都能与上行口interface f0/24口通讯!

  此时的vlan分配情况为:

  Switch_config#show vlan

  VLAN Status Name Ports

  ---- ------- -------------------------------- ---------------------------------

  1 Static Default F0/1, F0/24

  2 Static VLAN0002 F0/2, F0/24

  3 Static VLAN0003 F0/3, F0/24

  4 Static VLAN0004 F0/4, F0/24

  5 Static VLAN0005 F0/5, F0/24

  6 Static VLAN0006 F0/6, F0/24

  7 Static VLAN0007 F0/7, F0/24

  8 Static VLAN0008 F0/8, F0/24

  9 Static VLAN0009 F0/9, F0/24

  10 Static VLAN0010 F0/10, F0/24

  11 Static VLAN0011 F0/11, F0/24

  12 Static VLAN0012 F0/12, F0/24

  13 Static VLAN0013 F0/13, F0/24

  14 Static VLAN0014 F0/14, F0/24

  15 Static VLAN0015 F0/15, F0/24

  16 Static VLAN0016 F0/16, F0/24

  17 Static VLAN0017 F0/17, F0/24

  18 Static VLAN0018 F0/18, F0/24

  19 Static VLAN0019 F0/19, F0/24

  20 Static VLAN0020 F0/20, F0/24

  21 Static VLAN0021 F0/21, F0/24

  22 Static VLAN0022 F0/22, F0/24

  23 Static VLAN0023 F0/23, F0/24

  24 Static VLAN0024 F0/1, F0/2, F0/3, F0/4, F0/5

  F0/6, F0/7, F0/8, F0/9, F0/10

  F0/11, F0/12, F0/13, F0/14, F0/15

  F0/16, F0/17, F0/18, F0/19, F0/20

  F0/21, F0/22, F0/23, F0/24简单分析一下工作流程:

  1、f0/2和f0/3之间的通信,

  Switch_config#show vlan inter f0/2

  Interface VLAN

  Name Property PVID Vlan-Map uTagg-VLan-Map

  -------------------- -------- ---- ---------------- ----------------

  FastEthernet0/2 Trunk 2 2,24 2,24

  Switch_config#show vlan inter f0/3

  Interface VLAN

  Name Property PVID Vlan-Map uTagg-VLan-Map

  -------------------- -------- ---- ---------------- ----------------

  FastEthernet0/3 Trunk 3 3,24 3,24

  从中我们可以看到,f0/2是属于vlan2和vlan的,且pvid为2,那就是说普通数据(非802.1q)进入这个端口时会被打上tag2,然后zhge报通过交换机到达f0/3时,端口三是指能够untagvlan3和vlan24的的tag的,这个可以从上面的show vlan inter f0/3看出来,所以f0/3无法识别从f0/2过来的数据包!反过来也是一样的!

  换句话说就是实现了vlan2和vlan3的隔离!

  2、f0/2和f0/24之间的通信,

  Switch_config#show vlan inter f0/2

  Interface VLAN

  Name Property PVID Vlan-Map uTagg-VLan-Map

  -------------------- -------- ---- ---------------- ----------------

  FastEthernet0/2 Trunk 2 2,24 2,24

  Switch_config#show vlan inter f0/24

  Interface VLAN

  Name Property PVID Vlan-Map uTagg-VLan-Map

  -------------------- -------- ---- ---------------- ----------------

  FastEthernet0/24 Trunk 24 1-24 1-2

  同上面的分析方法,f0/2进入的数据被打上了tag2,但是由于f0/24是untag all的,所以他能够去除tag2,或者是识别vlan2的数据!反过来也是一样,数据进入f0/24时打上了tag24,这个标记在f0/2口上是能够被去除的!所以f0/2口和f0/24口可以实现互通!

  上面的两个通信过程基本代表了这种vlan配置/应用的功能,即:所有的下行口都能相互隔离,但是所有的下行口都能与上行口通讯!这种vlan配置方式比较简单,也非常常用!大家可以参考应用!

  当然这种方式的vlan划分是局限在一台交换机上面的!一般情况下在中小规模的应用中比较常见,特点是完全由一台交换机来实现vlan的隔离/互通,且每一个端口的输出数据都是不带有tag的,是普通的ip数据包,用户绝大多数的数据设备都能识别!(一般的网卡是无法识别802.1q的数据包的)还有一个优点是,这个交换机上面使用过的vlan号在其他交换机上面可以重复使用,没有限制或者相关性!

  还有一种应用是跨交换机的vlan配置!

  这种方式下要考虑多台交换机的相互协调工作,比如vlan tag的“加和“去”的问题!

  还是以实现上面例子为例,

  Switch_config#show run

  Building configuration...

  Current configuration:

  !

  service timestamps log date

  service timestamps debug date

  !

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/1

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/2

  switchport pvid 2

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/3

  switchport pvid 3

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/4

  switchport pvid 4

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/5

  switchport pvid 5

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/6

  switchport pvid 6

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/7

  switchport pvid 7

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/8

  switchport pvid 8

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/9

  switchport pvid 9

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/10

  switchport pvid 10

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/11

  switchport pvid 11

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/12

  switchport pvid 12

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/13

  switchport pvid 13

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/14

  switchport pvid 14

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/15

  switchport pvid 15

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/16

  switchport pvid 16

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/17

  switchport pvid 17

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/18

  switchport pvid 18

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/19

  switchport pvid 19

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/20

  switchport pvid 20

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/21

  switchport pvid 21

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/22

  switchport pvid 22

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/23

  switchport pvid 23

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/24

  switchport mode trunk

  switchport trunk vlan-untagged all

  !

  vlan 1-24

  !

  !

  在这个配置里面,我们可以看到,除了上行口之外,所有的端口都属于access模式,就是说端口只是属于一个vlan,而f0/24上行口虽然和前面一样都是trunk,但是没有必要指定pvid号,原因是因为在这个配置里面这个参数不是很重要!

  因为下行口的数据网上走时,相应的tag都能被f0/24识别(tag号不去除),但下行数据打上什么tag就不是f0/24来确定了,这个参数多是由对方交换机来确定的或者是由对方路由器(封装子接口,802.1q)来确定的!这第二种方式,关于对方的配置情况就比较复杂:

  1、如果是博达自己的交换机,那么配置就相对简单,方法如前所述;最简单的配是:两台BDCOM交换机按照楼上的配置即可实现vlan的相互隔离和通信,方法是把他们的f0/24口连接起来即可,然后即可实现两台交换机的号码相同的口互通,号码不同的口不能通信!

  2、如果对方是支持802.1q的路由器,比如BDCOM的2621路由器,在其子接口下面封装相应的vlan即可!如:

  interface FastEthernet0/0.1

  ip address *.*.*.*

  no ip directed-broadcast

  encapsulation dot1Q 2

  bandwidth 100000

  delay 1

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/0.2

  ip address *.*.*.*

  no ip directed-broadcast

  encapsulation dot1Q 3

  bandwidth 100000

  delay 1

  !

  interface FastEthernet0/0.3

  ip address *.*.*.*

  no ip directed-broadcast

  encapsulation dot1Q 4

  bandwidth 100000

  delay 1

  !

  3、如果对方是其他厂家的设备,基本上也是支持这种情况,但命令就不尽相同了

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